Other Tidbits for Norumbega

From 1725 to 1756, the site of the gallows was on the Common

In 1756, the Gallows were moved to the place where the negroes were burnt some five years before called Catiemut's Hill near Fresh Water.

The 5 points neighborhood was an area that was bounded by the Bowery, Canal Street, Centre Street, Chatham Street (Park Row) and Pearl Street. Family wealth came from tenement Real Estate deals to the Astors, Lorillards and the Schermerhorns.

There was no Dog Bone Alley or Skull Row in 5 points, but where Columbus Park is now was Mulberry Bend's Bottle Alley, which was the Whyó Gang's Headquarters. Also close to Columbus Park was Ragpickers Row which was also on Mulberry just off Bayard in 1882. Bandits Roost was at 59 1/2 Mulberry Street.

Before the Irish and Italians came to 5 Points, the African Americans were living off Mulberry street in the early days, the neighborhood then was called Stagg Town and the Negro Plantations. Around the 1830's the African Americans moved up to an area just south of Washington Square Park on streets like Bleecker, Sullivan,Thompson and the two Minetta streets, by 1865 a quarter of NYC's blacks had settled in this area then called Little Africa. Derogatorily called Coontown, this neighborhood by the 1910's moved further uptown (on the west side between 20th and 60th streets) leaving only Gay street as the major black stronghold of their old neighborhood.

After the taking of San Juan Hill in Puerto Rico, on July 1898 during the Spanish American War, a NYC neighborhood became named San Juan Hill. The San Juan Hill neighborhood was above 59th street on the west side of NYC between 10th and 11th Avenue. The actual San Juan Hill is where Amsterdam Avenue rose to a point at Sixty-second Street. Many black veterans of that war in Cuba lived in this African American district. A bad race riot happened in this area in August of 1900, and again on July 14th 1904. When the blacks moved up to Harlem after WW1 the name of this hill was changed to Columbus Hill. Urban renewal razed San Juan Hill to make room for Lincoln Center. Before Lincoln Center was built, his area was highlighted in West Side Story. "San Juan Hill" dates immediately after the Spanish American War and the taking of San Juan Hill in Puerto Rico, in July 1898.

Murderer's Alley -was once off Baxter street.

No Thieves Alley or Bone Alley in 5 points, but there was a Bottle Alley and Ragpickers Row. Thieves Alley was off Rutgers Square (now Strauss Square) in the Lower East Side where Seward Park Playground is today. Also on the Lower East Side was Bone Alley which was replaced by Hamilton Fish Park near Houston street, and Kerosene Row. Battle Row. Mixed ale flats, Shinebone alley, Bummers Retreat, Mulligan's Alley, Cockroach row, Dead Cat Alley.

Bummers Retreat - Bummers Retreat was a vacant lot on 13th street close to 6th avenue.

The Dead End - Irish slum on 1st ave in midtown overlooking the East River. Bandits Roost was on the bend at 59 1/2 Mulberry Street, between Bayard, Park (now Mosco), Mulberry, and Orange (now Baxter) Streets. The whole west side of Mulberry was torn down in 1896-1897, between Anthony (Worth) and Bayard. Rosanna Peers ran a cheap green-grocery speakeasy in 1825 on Centre street just south of Anthony (Worth). The backroom was headquarters of two Irish gangs, the Forty Thieves gang lead by Edward Coleman, and the Kerryonians who were mostly natives of County Kerry, Ireland. Misery Row was a destitute area on 10th Avenue between 17th & 19th street in 1872. Misery Row was a seed-bed of crime and poverty in this quarter of old NYC. This fever nest was the home to orphans and runaways who lived in nearby shacks and sheds. In 1872 there was 34,000 homeless children in NYC. Blindman's Alley - Daniel Murphy was the blind landlord of tenements around an alley near Cherry street's Gotham Court that was home to a colony of blind beggars. The superintendent of Out-door Poor gave out $20,000 per year to the poor blind city dwellers, that was the loudest night each year in Blindman's Alley. Daniel Murphy protested the New York Board of Health's orders to clean up the tenements surrounding Blindman's Alley, and when it was improved it ruined the home feeling of the old alley, and many of the blind tenants moved out. Gotham Court was a half a stone's throw away from Blindman's Alley. Gotham Court (Sweeney's Shambles) was a complex of two 1851 tenement that opened onto alleys off 36 and 38 Cherry street, between Franklin Square (Pearl and Cherry) and Roosevelt Street Just South of James. Eight houses on each side of Gotham Court were connected to two alleys, one called the Single Alley (6 feet wide) the other the Double Alley (9 foot wide Double Alley was also known at Paradise Alley). These 16 houses were built by a Quaker in 1851. A 4 foot wide alley at Gotham Court's western side connected to the middle of the block on Roosevelt Street, this narrow alley was a favorite for thieves that escaped through nearby sewer lines. The eight Gotham Court houses at 38 Cherry street fronted Roosevelt street at #81 Roosevelt street. Irish and Italians mostly lived in Gotham Court, but before its end it was filled with Greeks. Gotham Court was condemned in 1871, and demolished in the mid 1890's. The Arch Block was another squalid tenement that ran from Thompson to Sullivan between Broome and Grand. Edward Harrigan and William J Scanlon were vaudeville performers that hung out in Paradise Alley. Big Barracks The Ship was located at the head of Hamilton street at Cherry Hill, where The Old Ship saloon once stood. This tenement was occupied by Italians and Russians. The janitor was named Mickey the Pilot.

Cutthroat Alley Single Alley 9 foot wide Double Alley was also known at Paradise Alley. Frog Hollow, Poverty Gap Old Africa Rogues' Gallery, Penitentiary Row

Crown's Corner Pete William's Dive Harrington's Den Monkey Hall -Home to many Italian organ grinders stood on Baxter near Chatham (Park Row)

Many of the shanties in 5 Points were on top of Half door Houses (called that due to the half sized doors they used). The first floors of these Half door Houses were below street level, and many of them were full of hookers, thieves and killers until the Board of Heath banned human habitations in these basements.

slumming Davy Crockett

Charles Dickens

Abraham Lincoln

Russian Grand Duke

Murderers Alley was a dark lane that ran south from the dirty green door of #14 Baxter Street, past the east wall of the five story Old Brewery, down to Pearl Street.

Just south of Paradise Square, part of Coulter's Brewery was known as the Den of Theives until it was torn down in 1852, it was replaced by the Five Points Mission in 1853.

The five story Old Brewery was known as the Den of Theives until it was torn down in 1852, it was replaced by the Five Points Mission in 1853. Five points wasn't as violent as history makes it out to be, in the mid 1850's, there was only 30 murders per year in the whole NYC. Reports that the Old Brewery had a murder a night for 15 years seems like fiction.

At the dead end of the northern side of Little Water street by the Collect Pond landfill, was the very lowest and worst place in New York, the infamous Cow Bay cul de sac. Little Water Street ran from the base of Paradise Square at Cross street to a dead end by the Collect Pond, it was called the very lowest and worst place in New York. The 30 foot wide (at its mouth) cul de sac ran about 100 feet into a dark alley that was next to one of the former Collect Ponds bays, that farmers watered their cows at. Cow Bay had tenements nicknamed Brick Bat Mansion, Gates of Hell, and Jacob's Ladder and other tenements that were one to five stories high. These tenements were connected by a series of underground tunnels from sewers to underground tunnels built as hidden burial chambers for many of the thieves victims. Once through the cul de sac, at its end was Jacob's Ladder, which was named for its dangerous outside rickety broad wooden staircase that you needed to climb to enter the tenement.

Anthony street was changed to Worth (named after Mexican War hero General William Worth), and Orange was renamed Baxter (after Mexican War hero Lt. Col. Charles Baxter) around 1850.

In 1873, the roads of 5 points were still muddy and many buildings still had low rum shops.

Henry Petty- the third marquis of Lansdowne, was an English nobleman who financed a massive Irish emigration program. He took 3,500 starving paupers out of the poorhouses in Ireland, and by 1851, Lansdowne spent £9,500 (slightly more than $1 million today) on emigration which was cheaper than supporting them in the Lansdowne estate Kenmare workhouse/poor-house for a single year. 200 people per week made the 60 mile journey to Cork, where they caught the emigrant ship to America (mostly NYC) and Quebec. Irish indignation started because Lansdowne sent entire families, so instead of vigorous young men, half of the Irish immigrants were women, and many were gray haired and aged. In 1855, out of 14,000 residents of 5 Points, two thirds of them were Irish. The dominant Irish sub-groups were from Sligo, Cork, and Kerry. 84 percent of the Irish from Kerry, lived on Orange Street (Baxter) from Anthony (Worth) to Leonard and Anthony Street from Centre to Orange. Seventy-nine percent of these Kerry natives were emigrates from the Lansdowne estate.

The Five Points House of Industry was built in 1856 by Methodist minister Lewis M. Pease Not in 5 points, but there was a Big Flat on Mott Street, Gotham Court, Big Barracks, and a place called The Ship.

Cutthroat Alley was not in 5 points, but there was a Bandits Roost and Thieves Alley was off Rutgers Square (now Strauss Square) in the Lower East Side.

Just south of Paradise Square, was the five story Old Brewery (opened in 1837) formerly the Coulter's Brewery that was built in 1792 by the shores of the Collect Pond. The yellow painted Old Brewery had a large room called the Den of Thieves, the biggest of the 75 chambers that filled the five stories above its twenty room basement that once housed the machinery of the brewing plant. Most of these basement square rooms were only 15 by 15 feet, 26 people were found living in one of them. About 1,000 people lived in the Old Brewery, which equally housed Irish and African Americans. The building was torn down in 1852, and replaced by the Five Points Mission in 1853.

Murderers Alley was a dark lane that ran south from the dirty green door of #14 Baxter Street, past the southeastern wall of the five story Old Brewery, down to Pearl Street. Donovan's Lane by Baxter street was also called Murderers Alley, and this other alley was home to the one eyed thief called George Appo. The northwestern alley next to the Old Brewery lead to the Den of Thieves.

George Appo- Donovan's Lane by Baxter street was also called Murderers Alley, and this other alley was home to the one eyed thief called George Appo. George was born to a Chinese father and an Irish mother.

Paradise square

Jacob's Ladder was named for its dangerous outside wooden staircase

Collect Street, became Rynders streets 5 point tenements included Old Brewery (Coulter's Brewery) , whose west side was just off Paradise Square,was called the Den of Thieves. Paradise square. In Cow Bay was Jacob's Ladder, Gates of Hell and Brickbat Mansion. Other bad tenements were Gotham Courts also called Sweeneys shambles

Five Points was America's first willing large scale racial integration melting pot. Emancipated African Americans mixed with the Irish, Anglo, Jewish and Italian citizens of NYC. Five points was a, African American neighborhood first, then the Irish came in whose Jigs mixed with African's shuffle to create Tap dancing.

Gangs were used to riot at certain polls to influence the vote.

Five points wasn't as violent as history makes it out to be, in the mid 1850's, there was only 30 murders per year in the whole NYC. Reports that the Old Brewery and Cow Bay each had a murder a night for 15 years seems like fiction. Only twelve deaths and thirty-seven or so injuries occurred during the so-called Dead Rabbit-Bowery Boy Riot in the Five Points on July 4, 1857. People were not afraid to walk the streets of 5 points during the day. The 1830's and 1840's were the worst era of Five Points. In 1852, the Missionary Society bought the Old Brewery for $16,000 to tear it down. Protestant religious groups like the Methodist Eposcopal Church cleaned up the area, and built a new mission for $36,000 on the site. In the 1880's the Italians and Chinese started to fill up 5 points.

the Sixth Ward - also known as the Bloody Sixth

5 points was known for its bare knuckles fighting bouts.

tanneries, slaughterhouses, breweries, ropewalks, and potteries,

city's main red light district, and immigrant neighborhood

underground passageways built on not-so-solid ground, leaning building gave it a decrepit look

disease, infant and child mortality, unemployment, prostitution, violent crime

Fourth Ward dives

Fourth Ward Hotel - Catherine and Water street dive where sailors often were killed as they slept. Trapdoors dropped the bodies off the docks below. Frenchy a Jack the Ripper type killer (or maybe proof of a seafaring Jack) butchered an old hag referred to as Shakespeare.

Pearsall & Fox Hotel on Dover near Water street was a famous sailors house with a dance hall in the basement.

Glass House was at 18 Catherine Slip, it was run by Martin Bowe. The Bartender was Jack Madill.

John Allen's dance house at 304 Water Street from 1850 to 1868, was staffed with 20 prostitutes and quickly became a four ward gangster hangout. John Allen became known as the Wickedest Man in NYC. After 17 years of business, John Allen was said to have been reformed and the dance house started holding revival meetings. Until the NY Times discovered Allen was paid $350 for using his dance house for prayer meetings, while he was telling people that he had given the preachers his dance hall for free. The local gangsters thought John Allen was loose and unsound and started to boycott his dance house. After the religious contracts were fulfilled the Fourth ward dives returned to their evil ways, but John Allen's dance house closed. Tommy Hadden had a Cherry Street resort, and a boarding house on Water Street (which was taken over by the Water Street preachers when he was supposedly converted). Kit Burns turned over his rat pit over for services. Bill Slocum had a gin mill on Water Street which became overrun by the Water street preachers as well.

In 1869 Sadie the Goat joined the Charlton Street Gang, whose headquarters at a low gin mill on the Hudson off Charlton street. She was a Fourth Ward character for years until a fight with Gallus Mag, where one of Sadie the Goats ears ended up being bit off and added to Gallus Mag's picked collection behind the bar at the Hole in the Wall. Sadie got her chewed off ear back and wore it in a locket around her neck. The Charlton Street Gang were river pirates, and the Fourth Ward, Seventh Ward and Corlears Hook gangs had hundreds of them.

Slaughter House point was at the intersection of James and Water street, where Pete Williams kept a low gin mill. It was the hangout for The Daybreak Boys, the first organized river gang. Their leaders Nicholas Saul (20 years old) and William Howlett (19 years old) were both executed at the Tombs prison by hanging.

Gallus Mag bouncer at the Hole in the Wall bar which was at Water and Dover streets. It was run by Charley Monell who had one arm. His other helper was Kate Flannery Slobbery Jim - Daybreak Boys-Big fight at Hole in the Wall bar over 12 cents. Patsy the Barber- Daybreak Boys-Big fight at Hole in the Wall bar over 12 cents.

Notorious dives were The Haymarket, McGuirk's Suicide Hall, Paresis Hall and Billy McGlory's famous Armory Hall.

Rosana Peers ran a greengrocer speakeasy in 1825 on Centre street just south of Anthony (Worth). The backroom was headquarters of the Forty Thieves gang lead by Edward Coleman, even the Kerryonians met there.

1836 The Old St Patricks was under seige and was defended by Irish

Al Capone - (Alphonse Capone) Public Enemy Number 1, Al Capone was born at 95 Navy Street, January 17, 1899, and the family moved to Garfield Place. Al quit high school when he was 14 after losing his temper and belting a female teacher who hit him. He then worked as a clerk in a candy store, a pin boy in a bowling alley, and a cutter in a bookbindery. Before joining the Five Points Gang, he was in the gang The Navy Street Boys (Frank Nitto's gang where Al's older brothers Vincenzo, Ralph and Frank were members), At 12 he was a member of The South Brooklyn Rippers and then a member of the Forty Thieves Juniors and then the Forty Thieves. Frankie Yale (Ioele or Uale) (friends with Chicago gangster John Torrio) owner of the Harvard Inn in Coney Island in 1917, was where an 18 year old from Williamsburg named Al Capone (scarface) worked as a bartender and bouncer. Insulting a girl patron named Lena Galluccio at the Harvard Inn gave him his left cheek scar in a knife fight with her brother Frank Galluch Galluccio in the summer of 1917. Capone told the press that the scar was a World War 1 wound from France when he served in the Lost Battalion (which a lie). He was a member of the James Street Gang (run by Johnny Torrio) along with Lucky Luciano. A $1,500 a day suite, at the Metropole Hotel was Capone's headquarters when he was on top on NYC. He left NYC for Chicago after a bar room fight where he beat up Arthur (Criss-Cross) Finnegan, a member of Dinny Meehan's White Hand Gang in Brooklyn (run by (Wild Bill) Lovett ), and maybe doing a few hits for Frankie Yale (Ioele or Uale) late in 1918 . Capone spent almost a year in jail in Philadelphia from May 1929 to March 17, 1930 on a planned weapons charge. Capone was sentenced to 11 years in prison on October 24, 1931 for Tax evasion. His physician and a Baltimore psychiatrist testified that Capone had the mental ability of a 12-year-old child in 1946. He got 11 years in jail. When Capone came out of Alcatraz in 1939, he moved back to his Palm Island palace to slowly age. On January 21, 1947, 48 year old Al Capone suffered a stroke and pneumonia from his syphilis and died 4 days later on January 25. Al's business card claimed he was a used furniture dealer. He had 18 bodyguards which included Frank Galluch Galluccioi (who gave Scarface his scars) and a seven-ton limousine.

Frankie Yale (Francesco Ioele) (friends with Chicago gangster John Torrio) owner of the Harvard Inn in Coney Island in 1917, was where an 18 year old from Williamsburg named Al Capone (scarface) worked as a bartender and bouncer. He also ran the nightspot the Sunrise cafe, ran a mortuary dabled in racehorses and prizefighters, and had a line of cigars.

illiards parlour for the group

Johnny Torrio (Giovanni Torrio aka Terrible Johnny, Sporting saloonist, The Fox, The Brain) - One of the 3 godfathers of Organized Crime (Arnold Rothstein, and Meyer Lanksy) Johnny Torrio's father grocery store mostly sold beer and moonshine, which lead a pint sized Johnny to a bouncer job at NYC's roughest and wildest bar that was located on Pell street called Nigger Mike's (where Irving Berlin got his start as a singing waiter). Johnny Torrio started the James Street Gang in the 1920's, the profits paid for a billiards room for the gang. The game at this billiards parlor was a reception room for extortion, loan sharking and gambling. Torrio owned a bar on the corner of James and Water. Leader of the Five Points Gang, Paolo Vaccarelli (Paul Kelly), transformed the James Street Gang into a training ground for the Five Points Gang, and named them the Five Point Juniors. Johnny Torrio became Kelly's lieutenant or Vice President. On the side in 1912, Torrio had a bar by the Brooklyn Navy Yard docks that was a front for prostitution, and opium sales to sailors, as well as hijacking, loan sharking, and his bookies numbers games and stuss games (a form of card game). Al Capone was a neighborhood kid who lived on Garfield Place, who did errands for Torrio, and moved from the Five Point Juniors to the Five Points Gang quickly. Torrio after jail went to Naples Italy in 1925. After November 1928 when Arnold Rothstein died, Torrio organized the Big Seven cartel (bootleggers up & down the east coast). In May 1929, gangsters met in Atlantic City at either the President Hotel, or the Breakers, forging relationships, and talking about St. Valentine's Day Massacre and the baseball bat beating deaths of Albert Anselmi, John Scalise, and Joseph Giunta. In 1935, mobsters met at the Waldorf Astoria Hotel to create the national crime syndicate. Torrio ran and presided over this meeting of the New York, New Jersey, Chicago, Cleveland, New Orleans, Philadelphia, Miami, Boston, and Minneapolis mobs. Torrio fled to St. Petersburg, Florida after Dutch Schultz (a partner with Torrio in a bail bonds company) was shot, Torrio would spend winters there. Torrio was arrested for tax evasion, in the White Plains Post Office on April 22, 1936, trying to pick up his passport. A 50-page statement from Al Capone (who was questioned during his stay in Alcatraz) made Torrio plead guilty, and the USA put Torrio away for 2 1/2 years at Leavenworth Penitentiary. After the Al Capone trail where he came in from Italy or Florida to testify. On April 16, 1957, Torrio had a heart attack in a NYC barber shop, and died in an oxygen tent at Cumberland Hospital a few hours later at 3:45 PM. Charles Lucky Luciano, James T Ellison aka Biff, and Pat Riley aka Razor were members of the Five Points Gang William Waldorf Astor The largest and tallest hotel in the world, the Waldorf-Astoria, opened on October 1931, at 301 Park Avenue between East 49th and 50th Streets. It was the second hotel called Waldorf Astoria. Cousins William Waldorf Astor and John Jacob Astor IV in the early 1890's, each had hotels built on 5th Avenue between 33rd and 34th streets (on the future site of the Empire State Building). In 1897, the two luxury hotels were joined by a corridor, until they were demolished in 1929. In 1935, mobsters met at the current Waldorf Astoria Hotel to create the national crime syndicate. Torrio ran and presided over this meeting of the New York, New Jersey, Chicago, Cleveland, New Orleans, Philadelphia, Miami, Boston, and Minneapolis mobs.

John Jacob Astor IV The largest and tallest hotel in the world, the Waldorf-Astoria, opened on October 1931, at 301 Park Avenue between East 49th and 50th Streets. It was the second hotel called Waldorf Astoria.

Cousins William Waldorf Astor and John Jacob Astor IV in the early 1890's, each had hotels built on 5th Avenue between 33rd and 34th streets (on the future site of the Empire State Building). In 1897, the two luxury hotels were joined by a corridor, until they were demolished in 1929.

In 1935, mobsters met at the current Waldorf Astoria Hotel to create the national crime syndicate. Torrio ran and presided over this meeting of the New York, New Jersey, Chicago, Cleveland, New Orleans, Philadelphia, Miami, Boston, and Minneapolis mobs.

The Waldorf Astoria Hotel was the first hotel to offer room service. It's Starlight room featured a retractable ceiling and was a NYC hotspot in 1930's and 1940's

Dr. W. P. Buel - The 1849 Cholera epidemic started in 5 points on May 14, a two story building at 127 Anthony (now Worth) was set up as a make shift hospital run by Dr. W. P. Buel. By May 18th the hospital moved to a bigger location at Pearl and Centre streets, once called the Monroe Hall, it became the Centre Street Hospital.

Jack McGurn -His trademark was leaving a Buffalo Nickel in the hands of his victim, his point that a man's life was only worth a nickle.

William S Pontin - William S Pontin ran Pontin's at 46 Franklin street. This British restaraunteer called father Bill, first worked in the Union Club's kitchen at the corner of White and Broadway. Pontin's had the best roast beef in NYC, it was a favorite restaurant of the Criminal Court workers in 1900.

Joseph G. Siegel - The 27 story 1 Fifth Avenue (on the SE corner of 8th street) was built in 1926, by Joseph G. Siegel, who leased the land from Sailors' Snug Harbor (who owned most land around Washington Square Park). False shadow effects using darkened bricks give it a 3-d look.

Stanford White (1853-1906) - Three floors of the New York Eye & Ear Infirmary were added in 1890, and its remodeling was handled by Stanford White.

Stanford White structures in NYC that are left standing The pedestal for the Admiral Farragut Monument in Madison Square park off 26th Street, almost midway between Fifth and Madison Avenues (1881); some interiors of the Villard Houses at 451-457 Madison and 51st Street -these six adjoining mansions became the Helmsley Palace Hotel and now its the New York Palace Hotel. (1884); The second Washington Square Arch's - Stone (1892); The New York Eye & Ear Infirmary's Schermerhorn Pavilion-13th and 2nd Avenue (1890); Century Association Club House at 7 West 43rd Street-where he was a member (1891); The Cable Building - 611 Broadway (1892); The Judson Memorial Church at 54-57 Washington Square South, on the south side of Washington Square (1893-but used starting in 1891); The First Bowery Savings Bank at 130 Bowery, and Grand street - now called Capital (1893 or 1895); The Metropolitan Club- at 1 East 60th Street, off Fifth Avenue (1894); The Battle Monument at West Point (1896); Stuyvesant Fish house at 5 East 78th Street, the NW corner of Madison Avenue and 78th Street (1900); Gorham Building at 390 5th Avenue the southwest corner of 36th Street (1906); The Tiffany Building - 409 5th Ave at the SE corner of 37th Street (1906); A woman's club called the Colony Club at 120 Madison Ave at 31st street (1908);

Destroyed structures designed by Stanford White includes: The first Washington Square Arch - Wooden (1889); Tiffany Mansion at 19 East 72nd street, the NW corner of Madison Avenue (built in 1882, and demolished before 1936); the second Madison Square Garden (built in 1890, and demolished in 1925); the New York Herald Building at Broadway and 34th Street (built in 1894, and demolished in 1921); Madison Square Presbyterian Church (built in 1906, and demolished in 1919);

The University Club was built with pink Milford granite from Maine, and didn't allow women as members until 1987.

Washington Square Arch (1889) -The 2 angels on the arch were Bessie White, Sanford's wife, and arch financer William Rhinelander Stewart's wife.

Mrs. Stuyvesant Fish ny house modeled on the Doges' Palace in Venice at 5 East 78th Street the NW corner of Madison Avenue and 78th Street in 1900, now used for the Bloomberg Family Foundation. Stuyvesant Fish was the son of Gov. Hamilton Fish who was a US senator and Secretary of State.

the Metropolitan Club-Fifth Avenue, at 1 East 60th Street created for J. Pierpont Morgan who friends could not get into the Union Club. Opened February 27,1894. the Metropolitan Club also called the millionaire's club, was where the United States Steel Corporation was formed. It had a ladies' annex, and 45 bedrooms.

others

Lambs, and Harmony clubs

St. Bartholomew's facade (1903) Fifth Avenue mansions for the Astors, the Vanderbilts, the Joseph Pulitzer house, rockefeller 5th ave mansion,

New York University (in a former incarnation)

several branches of the NY public library

New York Public Library, 115th Street Branch, 203 West 115th St (1907-09) * New York Public Library, 135th Street Branch (now Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture), 103 West 135th St (1903-05) * New York Public Library, Chatham Square Branch Branch, 31 East Broadway (1903) * New York Public Library, Hamilton Grange Branch, 503 West 145th St (1905-06) * New York Public Library, Tompkins Square Branch, 331 East 10th St (1904)

McKim, Mead and White, designed 11 branch library buildings for The New York Public Library. The Jefferson Market courthouse was where in 1906, Harry K. Thaw was tried here for the murder of architect Stanford White.

McKim, Mead and White Sites

MANHATTAN, NEW YORK CITY * 998 Fifth Avenue (1910-12) * 23 Park Avenue * America's Society, 680 Park Ave (1906-1912) * Bowery Savings Bank, 130 Bowery (1895) * Cable Building, 611 Broadway (1892) * Century Association Club House, 7 West 43rd St (1889-91) * Church of the Ascension (interior alterations in 1889 * Columbia University - Morningside Campus (general design) and individual buildings: Brooks Hall, Casa Italiana (111-1161 Amsterdam, 1926-27), Hamilton Hall, Hewitt Hall, John Jay Hall, Low Memorial Library (1894-97), Philosophy Hall * Colony Club (now American academy of Dramatic Arts), 120 Madison Ave (1904-1908) * Cultural Services, Embassy of France, 972 Fifth Ave (1909) * Goelet Building, Broadway and 20th (1885-86) * Gorham Building, 390 5th Ave (1904-06) * Farragut Monument, Madison Square Park * First Presbyterian Church - Alexander Chapel (1893-94) * Harry B. and Evelina Hollins Residence (later the Calumet Club, now the Consulate General of Argentina), 12-14 West 56th St (1899-1901) * Harvard Club of New York, 27 West 44th St (1893-94) * Hotel Pennslyvania (1919) * James A. Farley Building / United States General Post Office, 8th Avenue at W 31st St (1908-13) * James Hampden Robb and Cornelia Van Rensselaer Robb House, 23 Park Ave (1888-92) * James J. and Josephine Goodwin Residence (now U.S. Trust Company), 9-11 West 54th St (1896-98) * Joseph and Kate Pulitzer House, 11 East 73rd St (1900-03) * Judson Memorial Church, 54-57 Washington Square South (1888-93, 1895-96) * Lamb's Club (now Manhattan Church of the Nazarene), 130 West 44th (1903-05) * Liggett Hall, Governors Island * Madison Square Garden II (defunct) * Merchant's Exchange, now Regent Wall Street Hotel (addition and interior redesign from 1904-1910) * Metropolitan Museum of Art - north and south wings (1911) * Municipal Building, 1 Centre St (1909-1915) * Metropolitan Club, 1-11 East 60th St (1891-94) * National City Bank (additions), 55 Wall Street (1907-1910) * New York Herald Building (1894) * New York Life Insurance Company Building - extension, 346 Broadway (commission taken over in 1894) * New York Public Library, 115th Street Branch, 203 West 115th St (1907-09) * New York Public Library, 135th Street Branch (now Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture), 103 West 135th St (1903-05) * New York Public Library, Chatham Square Branch Branch, 31 East Broadway (1903) * New York Public Library, Hamilton Grange Branch, 503 West 145th St (1905-06) * New York Public Library, Tompkins Square Branch, 331 East 10th St (1904) * Oliver D. and Mary Pyne Filley House (now the Spanish Institute), 684 Park Ave (1925-26) * Pennsylvania Station (1910) (demolished) * St. Bartholomew's Church (entrance portal) * Pierpont Morgan Library (1906) * Percy and Maud H. Pyne House (now Center for Inter-American Relations), 680 Park Ave (1906-12) * Peter Cooper Monument, Cooper Square * The Players (redesign), 16 Gramercy Park South (1888-89) * Post Hospital, Governor's Island * Racquet and Tennis Club, 370 Park Ave (1916-1919) * Savoy-Plaza Hotel (1927) (demolished) * Strivers Row, West 138th and West 139th between Powell and Douglass Blvds (1890) * Thomas Benedict and Fanny Clarke House (now the Collectors Club), 22 E 35th St (1901-02) * Town Hall, 113-123 W 43rd St (1919-21) * University Club, 1 West 54th St (1896-1900) * Washington Square Arch, Washington Square Park (1892) * Villard Houses (later the Helmsley Palace Hotel, now the New York Palace Hotel), 451-457 Madison Ave and 24 East 51st St (1882-8) * William H. and Ada S. Moore House, 4 East 54th St (1898-1900)

designed the pedestal for the Admiral Farragut Monument in Madison Square park off 26th Street, almost midway between Fifth and Madison Avenues (1881).

In 1888, he made changes to the brownstone of the Players club in Grammercy Park--where he was a member,

Tiffany mansion (1882) 19 east 72nd street NW corner of 72nd and Madison ave- McKim, Mead & White's fabled 1882 Tiffany mansion torn down before 1936 - Stanford White's homage to his mentor, H. H. Richardson,

Harvard Club created after his death, falsely credited to Stanford White.

McKim, Mead & White was the top architectural firm in NYC, that started in 1879. Charles Follen McKim and William Rutherford Mead.

Pennsylvania Station - C.F. McKim designed

The Pierpont Morgan Library - C.F. McKim designed

Columbia campus - C.F. McKim designed

University Club at .1 West 54th Street the NW corner of 5th Avenue;- C.F. McKim designed

Madison Square Presbyterian Church The Judson Memorial Church on the south side of Washington Square (1893-but used starting in 1891)

His apartment in the old Madison Square Garden's Giralda tower had a red velvet swing. He was shot and killed by a jealous husband of Evelyn Nesbit on the roof of the old Madison Square Garden (which he designed) on June 25th, 1906. Evelyn Nesbit's love nest was at 22 West 24th Street.

Rotunda opened in 1818, in 1827 the post office moved into the Rotunda until burnt in the fire of 1835.

Mount Pitt Circus Grand & East Broadway

Broadway Circus

It will be noticed that the houses were not numbered. They were identified by signs. These must have made the streets look exceedingly picturesque. The signs were usually appropriate to the occupation of the tenant or owner of the house. Thus, we have John Brinner at the Sign of the Chair, a cabinet-maker. Other instances are : C. O. Bruff (gold-smith) Teapot and Tankard; James Duthie (drug-gist) Golden Pot ; Peter Goelet (ironmonger) Golden hey ; Jacob Wilkens (brass-founder) Andiron and Candlestick ; Robert Boyle (pewterer) Dish ; Peter T. Curtenius (ironmonger) Golden Anvil and Hammer; Joseph Cox (upholsterer and cabinet-maker) Royal Bed and Star ; Thomas Brown (ironmonger) Cross-daggers; Samuel Lawrence (coach-maker) Chariot and Phaeton ; Cornelius Ryan (tailor) Sun and Breeches; Jos. Stephens and Jno. Newstead (livery stable) Two Running Horses ; Moses Taylor (brazier) Cat and Kettle; William Anderson (tailor) Hand and Shears, etc., etc. Other signs include the Dove and the Rainbow ; Bible ; Bible and Crown ; Blue Ball ; Golden Broad-Ax, Lock and Key ; Horse and Cart ; The Rose and Crown ; Sign of the Two Cupids ; Golden Fleece ; Chariot ; Unicorn and Mortar ; Highlander ; Chair Wheel ; The Admiral Vernon ; Chair Box and Carriage ; Platter ; Three Pigeons ; Black Horse; Quadrant and Surveying Compass ; Dog's Head in the Porridge Pot ; St. George and the Drag-on ; Bunch of Grapes ; King's Arms ; Duke of Cumberland ; Prince of Orange ; etc., etc.

It was not alone the house of business that was known by its sign. Occasionally we meet with a notice such as this : " To be sold, a good brick dwelling-house in John Street, near Alderman Courtlandt's and known by the Sign of the White Bear."

George and Jacob Shaw Tanners- 1785 Tanners, whose operations were just east of the Collect Pond off Magazine Street (Pearl Street).

John Lysaight - tavern owner, In 1865-1873, Lysaight's was at 474 Pearl Street.

Matthew Buys - blacksmith

John Sickles - cordwainer

John Orchard - Baker

Johann Lampo - Johann Lampo was NYC's first Schout (sheriff) in 1625.

William E. Dean - Proof of the real cause of Yellow Fever came in 1900, when an infected mosquito was tested on William E. Dean, a soldier from Troop B, Seventh Cavalry.

Wooter Van Twiller - first 1/2 of the 17th century Wooter Van Twiller owned 100 acres including Washington Square Park.

Anthony Portuguese - This free black (indentured to the Dutch West India Company) owned land south of the Washington Square Arch in 1645. The land was 6 morgen and 425 rod farm.

Manuel Trumpeter (Trompeter) - This free black (indentured to the Dutch West India Company) owned land east of the Washington Square Arch in 1643. The land was 9 morgen and 586 rod farm.

Jacob Sebor and William Ward Burroughs - owned Washington Square Park east of the Minetta Brook after April 30th, 1795 and before April 7th, 1797.

William Stephens Smith - George Washington's Aide-de-camp during the Revolutionary War. He married Abigail Smith Adams (John Adams daughter) who then became Abigail Smith Adams Smith. He owned Washington Square Park east of the Minetta Brook for about a year before April 30th, 1795.

David Marshall (1st caretaker from 1797-1803), John McKenzie, William P Roome, Morris Ackerman (1815), Daniel Magee, William Schureman and Cornelius Meyers other potter's field caretakers had their house (created from materials that were taken from the City Hall Park almshouse) on the northwestern side of the park in 1797.

Thomas Ludlow daughter Maria and son in law Guilian

Guilian Ludlow owned 10 acres west of the Minetta brook in Washington Square Park.

Herring Farm map 1784

Stokes Farm Map 1928

Coney Island - Lamarcus Thompson built the Switchback Railroad in 1884 (designed in 1881), making it the first Coney Island ride. Customers rode down hill in cars on undulating tracks using gravity. It was close to the Elephant hotel. The first Coney Island ferris wheel called Tilyou's Ferris Wheel, opened in 1894 near Culver's Iron Tower on W 8th street & Bowery. Deno's Wonder Wheel Park features some cars that swing on tracks, it was built in 1920, seven years before the Cyclone. Sea Lion park had Coney Islands first log flume, but it wasn't the first ride in Coney Island, it was the first amusement park in Coney Island. Steeplechase Park had a simulated horse race over streams and hurdles down 1,100 feet of track on 6 double-saddled robot horses. The Cyclone roller coaster (with its 85 foot drop at 60 miles/hour) opened in 1927, 43 years after the first ride. The first coaster in the world started in 1873, it was the Mauch Chunk Switchback Railway in Pennsylvania.

Sea Lion Park opened in 1895 in Coney Island, making it the first amusement park. It was opened by Captain Paul Boyton who was a local lifeguard, and featured a water flume called Shoot the Chutes. The 15 acre Steeplechase opened on Coney Islands oceanfront in 1897, two years after the first amusement park, it's still standing Cyclone roller coaster opened in 1927 (13 years after Tilyou died). Steeplechase finally closed in 1964. Luna Park developed from a ride called Trip to the Moon, which started at Steeplechase in 1902, a year later Luna Park opened on the site of the 1st park in question. Rides included The War of the Worlds and Kansas Cyclone. Luna Park burnt down in 1944. Dreamland came to Coney Island in 1904. It featured 300 dwarfs and midgits living in an experimental village called Lilliputia (80 x 175 feet), located under the current Aquarium. Dreamland burnt down in 1911. Astroland is the current amusement park in Coney Island that features the old Steeplechase Cyclone.

Water Chutes Park in Chicago, opened in 1894 by Captain Paul Boynton, it was the first amusement park in the USA. The world's oldest existing amusement park is a Pleasure Garden north of Copenhagen called Bakken, it opened in the 1580's. Sea Lion Park opened in 1895 in Coney Island, making it the first amusement park in Coney Island. It was opened by Captain Paul Boyton who was a local lifeguard, and featured a water flume called Shoot the Chutes. George C. Tilyou's (owner of Surf Theater at Coney Island) Steeplechase opened in 1897. Steeplechase was on oceanfront property by the former Parachute drop by W 17th Street. Luna Park didn't open in Coney Island until 1903, eight years after the first amusement park. Luna Park's owners bought and destroyed most of this first amusement park, and built Luna Park on its old site. Knott's Berry Farm did not open until 1968, but Walter Knott built a ghost town, in 1940. Holiday World opened in 1946 in Santa Claus, Indiana.

The hot dog was invented in Coney Island by Charles Feltman (1867), he put a Vienna sausage in a roll & named it a Coney Island Red Hot. His worker Nathan Handwerker, opened Nathans in 1916. Feltman opened a hotel in 1878, his hot dog place closed in 1946. The internet claims the Manhattan Beach hotel (erected 1877) was said to have invented the hot dog in 1867 (10 years before it was built?), but it wasn't even in Manhattan. In 1907 the Manhattan Beach Hotel was razed. Yale University students in 1894 started to refer to the carts selling hot sausages in buns as dog wagons, making light of what kind of meat they were using. A story in the Yale Record on October 19, 1895, ended -They contentedly munched hot dogs. A 1906 cartoon illustrating Harry Stevens' hot dogs was pictured at a six-day bicycle race in Madison Square Garden. A Bavarian sausage seller, Anton Ludwig Feuchtwanger was serving sausages in rolls at the 1893 Chicago World's Fair. The frankfurter wurst, was invented in the 1480's in Frankfurt, but Vienna claims to have 1st created the wienerwurst or Viennese sausage.

A moving stairway was an attraction at Steeplechases Pavilion of Fun that was called the Earthquake Stairway. Real estate mogul Fred C. Trump demolished the Pavilion of Fun in 1964 before it could be saved as a historic landmark. The Thunderbolt was the first roller coaster to utilize steel supports, but it was not Coney Island's 1st, it was built in 1925 (RIP November 17, 2000). LaMarcus Adna Thompson (the Father of Gravity) built the Switchback Railroad in 1884, that was Coney's 1st coaster. Old time resorts in Coney Island included: the Manhattan Beach hotel (1877). the Brighton Beach Hotel (1878), the most snobbish was the Oriental Hotel (1876) and my favorite the Elephant Hotel (1888) was shaped like an elephant but became associated with prostitution. Mike "Thunderbolt" Norton a Tammany Hall ward heeler, opened up a hotel with seedy rough clientel at Norton's point (western side close to West Brighton) on Coney Island in the 1860's. A roller coaster used his nickname which came from his punch.

Samuel Colt, the inventor of the six shooter gun, built Coney Island's 1st observation tower in 1845 to telegraph the movements of ships traveling to the city. Besides the Electric Tower that opened in Luna Park in 1920, there was also an 375-foot Beacon Tower in Dreamland whose beam could be seen for 50 miles. Andrew Culver in 1877 erected a 300-foot Steel Tower and the crowds started coming, and coming. Imported from the 1876 Philadelphia Centennial Exhibition, the Camera Obscura Observatory became part of Janton's Georama & Camera Obscura. Steeplechase's Steel or Iron Tower burnt down on May 27th, 1911, hours before the season started.

Steeplechase Park had the Human Zoo, the Human Roulette Wheel and the Human Pool Table. Also featured was the Blowhole Theater, Barrel of Love, Earthquake Stairway, and the Whichway in its Pavilion of Fun. A winged spaceship called Luna was the namesake of Luna Park, whose ride A Trip To The Moon was brought to Coney Island after it premiered at the Buffalo Pan-American Exposition in 1901. The Hell Gate attraction in Dreamland burned down the entire park in 1911 on opening day of the season, and it closed after 7 years. After the 1911 fire, the owners opened Dreamland Circus Sideshow under a tent on Surf Avenue. Sea Lion Park featured a broad lagoon, an old-mill water ride and an aquatic toboggan slide in flat bottomed boats called Shoot-the-Chutes ride. Astroland opened in 1962 this 3.1 acre park is the present owner of the Cyclone. This park is on the site where restaurateur Charles Feltman invented the hot dog in 1874.

Dreamland featured the Destruction of Babylon , other attractions included Lilliputia (also called Midget City), Feast of Beshazzar and the End of the World. Luna park's Dragon's Gorge roller coaster burned in 1944, later that season another fire burnt The Tunnel of Love and LaMarcus Thompson's Scenic Railway roller coaster.In 1905 the owners of Luna Park also built the Hippodrome Theater in Manhattan on 6th Avenue between Forty-third and Forty-fourth streets. Now a sports stadium, Steeplechase park had many attractions that gave customers electric shocks, after the fire of 1907, the owner George Tilyou added a roofed version of his Pavilion of Fun, other rides were the Flying Turns and the Thunderbolt. Astroland opened in 1962 as an space-age theme park, first designed as Wonderland by Coney Island Enterprises (that included Nathan Handwerker as a corporate member). Captain Paul Boyton opened Sea Lion park that offered an aquatic toboggan slide (Shoot-the-Chutes) and the first American looping coaster, a centrifugal railway called the Flip-Flap railroad.

Nathan's in Coney Island once paid bums (who the employees dressed up in medical attire) to sit at their counters to look busy. When customers who came off the train saw all the Doctors eatting at Nathan's, they figured it was safe to eat. Nathan even put up a sign reading - If doctors eat our hot dogs, you know they're good! Walt Whitman was a Long Island poet whose birthplace was in West Hills, Huntington Station, he used to run naked down the long bare unfrequented shore of Coney Island which was a desert island at that point in history (1889). Whitman said about Coney Island-Where I loved after bathing to race up and down the hard sand, and declaim Homer or Shakespeare to the surf and seagulls by the hour. Walt wrote of the beautiful vistas he saw as he strolled along the beach. Others that visited Coney Island were Herman Melville (1849), Daniel Webster (1850), P.T. Barnum (with songbird Jenny Lind), Washington Irving and Edgar Allan Poe.

The first carousel at Coney Island was the Looff Carousel. Danish woodcarver Charles I. D. Looff 1st ride (1875) for Vandeveer's bath-house (later called Balmer's Bathing Pavilion) at West 6th Street and Surf Ave. This kerosene lantern lit ride featured hand-carved horses, animals and iron rings to grab. Weber's Carousel was at the Boardwalk and 27th Street, next to the Eureka Baths. Feltman's Beer Garden Carousel was an 1880 Carousel on Surf Avenue. Feltman's Beer Garden Carousel was the 2nd Carousel in Coney Island but it was built by the same Danish Woodcarver, Charles I. D. Looff that created the 1st Coney Island Carousel. Broadway Flying Horses Carousel was built in 1890, it moved to San Diego. Coney Island's last traditional carousel was B&B.

Jimmy Durante and Eddie Cantor convinced Nathan to quit Feltman's in Coney Island and sell hot dogs at half price. Jimmy Durante and Eddie Cantor were co-workers of Nathan's who worked at Feltman's as a pianist (Durante) and a singing waiter (Cantor). In 1916, Handwerker and his wife Ida, bought and opened a 8 x 25-foot store at the corner of Surf and Stillwell Avenues. Ida's spicy recipe used lots of garlic and all beef.

Woody Guthrie lived on Mermaid Avenue for awhile

fire engine names

White Ghost, Black Joke, Shad Belly, Dry Bones, Red Rover, Hay Wagon, Big Six, Yaller Gal, Bean Soup, Old Junk, Old Maid

More old raw data for nyc maze site

characters homes/work - capt william kidd, de peyster, mrs taylors boarding house, mark twain #1, mark twain #2, henry brevoort, samuel leggetts, edna st vincent millay, nicholas william stuyvesant, hendrick van dyck, aaron burrs 1st law office, richmond hill, general bailey, 1st marble mansion, edgar allen poe-1937, morris mansion, eddie cantor,

apts - dakota, majestic, apthorp, gateway plaza,

bank - jarmulowsky, walton house, bank of ny #1, bank of ny #2, bank of manhattan #1, bank of manhattan #2, bank of ny #3, bank of manhattan trust bldg-dupe,

bar - fraunces tavern, martlings tavern, tom rileys, sinsheimers, john mcgurks, fighting cocks, coulters, mcsorleys, white horse, cafe wha?, san remo, pj clarkes, wolfert webbers, petes, chumleys, golden swan, kings head inn, bulls head inn, golden hill inn, cedar tavern, central park casino, stone bridge tavern, cape tavern, harry venn's, shakespeare, mrs day's murray st boardinghouse/tavern, Pfaffs beer cellar, San Remo - dupe, john hughson's tavern, widows day tavern

bridges/tunnel - kissing, brooklyn, hellgate, brooklyn-battery,

buildings - greybar, kalikow, broadway-chambers, west street bldg, national biscuit company, little singer, rhinelander sugar house, van cortlandt's sugar house, livingston sugar house, david duffore's flour grist mill, edward mooney house, putnam building

burial grounds - African American Burial Grounds, old burying grounds, shearith israel's 2nd cemetery, 2nd nyc potters field,

cast iron - ev haughwout, new era, gunther,

churches - st paul, trinity, st marks, st johns, grace #1, old st pats, st marys, st augustine, brick presbyterian, st nicholas, ref prot dutch church, garden st, l eglise francaise, 5th ave presbyterian, church of the ascension, 1st presbyterian, grace #2, reformed protestand dutch-dupe, garden st-dupe, north dutch, middle dutch, huguenot, st pats 1815-dupe, methodist's old rigging loft, wesley chapel, african methodist episcopal, zion african methodist episcopal,

city bldg - city hall 2, house of refuge-dupe, stadt huys, city hall park almshouse, us custom house, poorhouse, arsenal in central park, city hall post office, new gaol, bridewell debtors prison, tweed courthouse, united nations,

clubs - tammany hall #1, anglers & tarpon, cloud, pinnacle, sky, top of the sixes, union, athenaeum, lotos, yale, salmagundi art, stork, cotton, 21, bread & cheese, jolly corks/elks,

coffee houses - tontine, merchants, burns, kings arms

districts - gas house, french quarter, rialto, 2nd rialto, little africa,

farms - robert randall. nicholas bayard, anthony bleecker, james delancy, robert herring, negros plantation, company farmhouse

fires - 1776, spring st watchtower, firemans hall, fdny fire acad, firemans hall-dupe, fireman hall #2, corporation yard,, oceanus engine co #11, lady washington engine co #40, crooker & warren warehouse-1845 fire, ladder #9-1st fire pole, hook & laddder #8-ghostbusters, lady washington-dupe,

firsts - 1st sidewalk, 1st street, 1st negro uprising, demarest bldg, 1st bagel, 1st presidential mansion, lomabardi's,

fort - norumbega, amsterdam, city magaine, magazine, blockhouse #1, west battery/castle garden/ft clinton, 1612 dutch redoubt, red fort/north battery, white fort/Fort Gansevoort,

foundry - phoenix, novelty iron works, frances elsworth brass foundry, morgan iron works, mccullough shot tower,

gangs/gangsters - ukrainian national home, triangle social club, bowery boy clubhouse, hole in the wall bar, ravenite social club

gardens - tea water pump, niblos, thysens, elgin, vauxhall, ranelagh, sheep meadow, sperrys, atlantic, sperry-dupe, bowling green, brannans, palace garden, spring garden, stuyvesants pear tree

hills - golden hill, bunker, cows foot, dutch, zandtberg, monkey, san juan,

hotels - plaza, waldorf-astoria #1, savory plaza, sherry netherland, st regis, martinique, marlton, chelsea, brevoort, 5th ave, delmonico, algonquin, city, ritz-carlton #1, st regis-dupe, ansonia, claridge, astor, waldorf-astoria #2,

indian - sapohannikan, corlaer's hook,

islands - roosevelt, governors, liberty, randalls, wards, wards - dupe, city, coney, ellis,

jails - ludlow, jeff mkt

jewish - foward, bialystoker, anshe chesed, beth hamedrash hogodol, elridge street synagogue, congregation shearith israel

library - seward park, astor, lenox, ny society, mercantile,

markets - union, fly, essex, centre, jefferson, bear, washington, catherine, slave, oswego, chelsea, linton, tomkins, dragons gate

medical - eastern disensary, northern dispensary, bellevue, jews hospital, ny eye infirmary,

mills - nicholas bayards windmills , jaspers windmills , francois molemacker's horse mill, Jan de Wit and Denys Hartogveldt wheat mill,

museums - pt barnums american museum, zoological institute, barnum and van amburgh museum & menagerie-539 broadway, barnums circus, museum and menagerie-14th, barnums monster classical & geological hippodrome, grand street museum, tammany/scudders, peale's,

natural springs - old wreck brook, minneta, collect pond, inscope arch bridge/devoors mill stream, pond, harlem meer, model boat pond

newspaper/publishing - freedoms journal, puck, harper and brothers, new york gazette, new york times,

park - bowling green, wash sq, madison sq, city hall, battery, bryant, battery-dupe,

pollution - pre 1676 tan pits, post 1676 tan pits, shoemakers pasture

power - edisons pearl street station, con edison bldg

red light - holy ground-dupe

restaurants - Bluebird cafe, one if by land, delmonicos, luchows, katz's deli, windust's, fleischmanns vienna model bakery,

riots - provost marshalls headquarters

schools - 1st school, columbia college, cooper union institude,

shipyard - brown & bell, webb & allen, jacob westervelt

statues - stuff and guff, leo astor and leo lenox, wash sq arch, civic fame, purity & virtue, delacorte clock, bethesda fountain, temperance fountain, christopher columbus arch, madsion square arch, general wolfes obelisk, william pitt,

stores - at stewarts #1, at stewarts #2, fao schwarz, b altman, brooks brothers, lord & taylor #2, es ridley dept store, ah ken's cigar stand, lord & taylor, abercrombie & fitch, macy's, siegel-cooper, hearn's, co bigelow chemists,

streets - broadway, broad, burgers path, shinebone alley, lagrange terr, patchin, gay, swing street, mechanics alley, tin pot alley, tweed plaza

swamps - beekmans swamp

tallest bldgs - park row, equitable life, anhattan life, new york world, washington bldg, tower, woolworth, empire state, singer,

tenements - gotham court, big flats, cow bay, bandits roost, old brewery, murderers alley, bottle alley, thieves alley, bone alley, blindmans alley, misery row, the ship

theatres - astor place opera house, mad sq garden, metropolitan opera house, rockefeller ctr, anderson, 2nd ave, yiddish art, 13th st rep, chickering hall, koster & bials music hall, circle in the square, new york life bldg, cherry lane, radio city, bowery, park, john street, nassau street, metro opera house - dupe, palmo opera house, italian opera house/national theatre, academy hall of music, tammany hall-14th st, jefferson theatre

transportation - dircksens ferry, grand central, hudson terminal, chrystie street connection, noisiest bus stop,

wall st - stock exchange, wall st, buttonwood tree, dead line,

water - manhattan co, colles pipeline, 13th st waterworks, manhattan well, comforts tea water

wharfs - crugers, murrys, heere graft, schoeynge, schreyer's hook, black ball line pier,

Norumbega - Mythical City of Silver NY DEAD/NYC MAZE

Go back in time from the present NYC to Norumbega

Start in Time Square and walk under Bertelsmann building at 1540 & enter garage find me an old Variety staffer parking my car. Once approached & greeted your transformed into the old Variety office at my old desk. Follow me to old NYC clubs to find the next right person on the trail.

Go into old clubs, restaurants, pubs, museums, parks, concerts, hangings,

Find peoples old homes

Dead ends at local graveyards, bad neighborhoods,

Find the one historic person in the location that you can follow to the next level

First talk to them to discover if they are from the right time line then follow them to next location and find the next historic person from the timeline your in

Longer talks with the right person changes conversations into past tenses and you move into a location in the next timeline as you follow the talkative right person.

Once in new timeline you seek the next right person who will move you forward.

When you follow the wrong person you end up at many dead end locations meeting wrong people from all over the NYC timeline

Forces you to learn NYC history

History is incorporated with dialog from each character encountered

You end up in Norumbega by old collect pond

When you follow people from the incorrect time lines you end up in more & more trouble in old NYC until their is no notable people to find & follow anywhere you enter

When you are on the right track you meet many same time people & friends of whoever your following, you need to talk to all these people for clues to keep on the right path, otherwise you won’t understand what the right person is always saying.

Must understand the old slang, language and sayings or you will not understand your current guide

You can research the character using links to get the feel of the time

Use links to historic sites to help people find clues, seek permissions to deep link to promote project

Guide reappears as you follow & interact with his friends and people they acquaintance with, this points you in right direction, when guide doesn’t reappear your headed down dead end pathways

Use it as bio that goes backwards instead of forward

Time traveling wormholes created by advanced civilizations and citizens of Earth's future, are mostly found around historic events. Following 5 of these historic wormholes will lead you back to Norumbega. Norumbega was an ancient civilization that was erased from NYC history and turned into a toxic swamp that bred yellow fever and organized crime. Discover the many (lost in time) sights of NYC, seen through the eyes of Explorers, Indians, Slaves, Patriots, British, Dutch and Immigrants. To play, follow different characters lives and advice, to discover the following historic wormhole, that will introduce you to your next character guide on the road to Norumbega. Meet these characters:

1540 Jean Allefonsce & Norumbega Natives - 1524 - 1570

NYC's 1st non native Juan Rodriguez who lived amongst the Indians;

John Moore's Caesar, one of the lucky slaves that lived through the 1741 rebellion;

Christopher Colles whose reservoir was destroyed by the Revolution;

Aaron Burr the man who killed Hamilton;

Boss Tweed;

1540 Broadway - Norman Scherer - Ex Variety Mugg

A times square garage turns back to Variety follow me thru video oyster to Ludlow office where you hear Tweeds piano thru time Tweed leads to Burr leading to Colles to Caesar to Juan Rodriguez to Jean Allefonsce who hears native stories & searches for Norembega.

There was an ancient Indian (Viking or French occupied as well) village on the west side of the Collect Pond, it may have been the legendary Norumbega.

The French fort of Norumbega may have stood on the old hill at Centre and Pearl streets in 1542, when the fort was visited by Jean Allefonsce. Norumbega's fort was situated between two Fresh Water Ponds, and would have been part of the thousand year old Indian Village of the Werpoes. Werpoes in Canarsie meant beautiful field by the thicket, other interpretations refer Warpoes as a small hill. A hill of oyster shells was left at the western shore of the Collect Pond, and the neighborhood was then called Shell Point Hill. A castle or fort called Catiemuts also existed in the Shell Point vicinity. Chatham Square once had a tall hill with a structure on top that was called Indian Lookout.

Norumbega, the mythical Viking existed in Maine according to most historians who believe that Vikings only made it as far south as New England.

My personal belief is that the original Norumbega the city of silver (NYC Mica?) was a Viking town and fortress that was situated around the old Collect Ponds in lower Manhattan, but most historians seem to disagree with my idea.

The Norse colony of the Vikings vanished from NYC but the Indians seemed to remember its name for two centuries and used that name to refer to the white man. The Latin form of Norway is Norvega, the Indians pronouncement of the colony became Norumbega. Some old Norse words had even become part of the Algonquin language in 1626 when Cornelius Sand negotiated the Dutch purchase of Manhattan.

The name Norumbega first appears with Verrazano’s voyage of 1524, and for 40 years thereafter it was closely associated with the vicinity of the Hudson. On some old maps the name occurs as Norumberg and Anorumberga. French fur traders had a village and blockhouse in 1540 situated on a small island on a fresh water lake, which could have been the Collect Pond. A 1569 map by Flemish geographer, Gerard Kramer (Latinized name is Mercator), calls the Hudson Riviere Grande and has New York Bay at its foot. East of this river and at the head of New York Bay is a tiny picture of a village with a fort, and this village is labelled Norom.

Allefonsce tasted salt in the water at a distance of ninety miles from the sea. The river of Norumbega is salt for more than ninety miles from its mouth, which is true of the Hudson. Fishermen often called the Penobscot river Norumbega, but no traces of Allefonsce’s splendid city Indian village were found by the Penobscot river.

The French called the majestic line of cliffs that we call the Palisades, Grand Scarp (Anormée Berge). Norumbega may be simply a Low Latin corruption of Anormée Berge by the French who may have also inhabited the old fortress.

A book called The Adventurous Voyages of Captain Jean Allefonsce by Maugis Vumenot about Allefonse's quest of a western passage in the summer of 1542 was directed not northward but southward which could show that Norumbega was in NYC.

Levels

Norse Catholics - 1125 & 1540 - Jean Allefonsce - born 1484 in Portugal died off La Rochelle 1544 or 1549 - David Ingram signed on with English privateer John Hawkins marooned with some 100 of his shipmates near Tampico on the coast of Mexico, about 200 miles south of the present Texas/Mexico border. 11 months later, in October 1568, Ingram and two others of his original party were picked up from the coast of Nova Scotia by a French fishing vessel. 1999 British writer Richard Nathan retraced Ingram’s journey in reverse, walking from Nova Scotia to Tampico in just 9 months The Norumbegans were friendly and led Ingram to their leader, a king named the Bathshaba who lived in the city of Arembec wonderful city of Arembec

Native American - Norumbegans Explorer-Juan (Jan) Rodrigues was the 1st non native resident of NYC. This black (mulatto) crewman from the boat Jonge Tobias lived and traded among the natives in 1612 (w/o support of a harbor ship). A friend of the Indians and the keeper of the Norumbega secret. Timeline - 1612 - 1664 Topics - Indian/ Dutch, People - Adrian Block fire through Peter Stuyvesant fire proofing Places

Slave - Caesar's friend Timeline - 1712 - 1741 Topics - 1712 - 1741 Slave revolts, Dutch / British Slave/White People - Gerardus Beekman to Molly Williams (1818) Places - greenwich and rector (John Hughson tavern), Water & Wall (slave market), Hanover square-#11, Firemen's Hall-71 Fulton Street,

Inventor - Christopher Colles -1774 - NYC's first log pipeline Timeline 1742-1776 Topics - Patriots / British, Water People Places

Patriot - Burr Timeline - 1776- 1836. Topics - Patriots / Tory Loyalists, 1776 Fire, Manhattan Company Places

Ringleader - Tweed Timeline - 1823 -1878 Topics - 1835 Fire, 1845 Fire, Tammany Hall, Gangs, People - Mose Humphrey knocked senseless in 1838 Places -